Dogs may not speak our language, but they’re constantly communicating through their body language, expressions, and behaviour. As pet parents, learning to understand these subtle cues is essential to building a strong, trusting bond. Here’s a guide to decoding over 10 common behaviours and what they may mean about your dog’s emotions and needs.
1. Tail Wagging Isn’t Always Happy
While a wagging tail often signals excitement, not all wags are equal. A wide, loose wag that involves the hips typically indicates happiness. But a stiff, high tail wag can be a warning of agitation or potential aggression. Similarly, a tail tucked between the legs shows fear or submission.
2. Yawning and Licking Lips
Dogs yawn for more than just sleepiness. Yawning and lip licking can be signs of stress or discomfort, especially if they’re in unfamiliar environments or meeting new people. These behaviours often mean your dog is trying to calm themselves or others around them.
3. Raised Hackles
If the fur along your dog’s back and shoulders stands up (known as piloerection), it doesn’t always signal aggression. It may indicate excitement, anxiety, or fear. Context and other body signals will help you understand whether your dog is nervous or on alert.
4. Paw Lifting
When a dog lifts one paw off the ground while standing, it might mean they’re uncertain or submissive. In some breeds, like pointers, this gesture could also be part of instinctive hunting behaviour.
5. Avoiding Eye Contact
Dogs that turn their head or look away when approached aren’t being disobedient — they’re showing calming signals. This is a respectful way of saying, “I’m not a threat.” Forcing eye contact can be intimidating to them.
6. Rolling Over
A dog showing their belly might want belly rubs — or they might be displaying submission or anxiety. If their body is tense and they avoid eye contact, they may be feeling fearful rather than playful.
7. Zoomies (Frenetic Random Activity Periods)
Those sudden bursts of energy — running in circles, darting around the house — often indicate joy or excitement. Zoomies are common after baths, walks, or during play, and they’re a healthy way for your dog to release built-up energy.
8. Whining and Barking
Vocalisations are one of the most direct ways dogs communicate. Whining can signal anxiety, pain, or a desire for attention. Barking may express excitement, warning, fear, or simply an attempt to get your attention. It’s important to note the context and pitch of their voice.
9. Chewing or Destructive Behaviour
If your dog chews on furniture or other items, they may be bored, anxious, or teething (for puppies). Separation anxiety is a common cause — dogs left alone for long periods might resort to destructive behaviour as a coping mechanism.
10. Leaning and Nuzzling
A dog who leans against you or nuzzles your hand is showing affection and trust. These gentle gestures are their way of saying “I feel safe with you.”
11. Refusing Food or Treats
If your usually food-motivated pup suddenly turns their nose up at treats, it may signal illness, stress, or discomfort. Always pay attention to changes in eating habits and consult a vet if they persist.
12. Ears and Eye Movement
A dog’s ears and eyes can be very telling. Ears pinned back might signal fear or submission, while perked ears mean they’re alert. Soft eyes with relaxed eyelids show contentment, while wide, staring eyes may indicate fear or tension.
Dogs are emotional beings with a rich inner world, and they rely on us to understand them. By paying attention to these behaviour cues, you’ll become more attuned to your dog’s feelings, improve communication, and strengthen your bond. Next time your furry friend gives you a look or performs a certain gesture, don’t dismiss it — they might be telling you something important.
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